Which of the following is included under police powers?

The inclusion of building codes under police powers is grounded in the government’s authority to enact regulations that promote public health, safety, morals, and general welfare. Building codes dictate the standards for construction and renovation to ensure safe, reliable, and healthy environments for occupants.

By requiring compliance with certain building standards, municipalities can mitigate risks associated with structural failures, fire hazards, and health concerns, such as sanitation issues. This regulatory power reflects the intention of local authorities to protect their communities and maintain order, which aligns closely with the broader concept of police powers.

While property taxes, insurance regulations, and landlord-tenant laws have regulatory implications, they do not directly relate to the police powers the same way building codes do, since their primary focus may be more financial or contractual rather than directly linked to public safety and health standards in construction and habitation.